Organic fertilizer from nettle: a natural treasure for the garden
- Mar 30, 2024
- 4 min read
Updated: Sep 6
Nettle (Urtica dioica) is a plant with remarkable medicinal and nutritional properties, known and valued for centuries. Its beneficial properties extend to horticulture, where it becomes an excellent source of organic fertilizer. In this article, we will delve into the breadth and depth of this plant, discussing its potential as organic fertilizer, methods of preparation, and various applications in gardening, cuisine, medicine, and cosmetics.
Nettle Properties as Organic Fertilizer
Nettle is rich in key nutrients essential for healthy plant growth. It contains significant amounts of nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus, iron, calcium, and numerous micronutrients essential for proper development. Additionally, the nettle contains biostimulant substances that support plants in their resistance to environmental stress and diseases, making it an excellent addition to organic fertilizers.
Methods of Preparing Nettle Fertilizer
Collecting Nettle
The best time to collect nettle is early spring when the plant is in full growth but has not yet begun to flower. It is important to gather it from areas free of pollution, preferably from areas unaffected by traffic or industrial emissions. When collecting, it is advisable to wear gloves to avoid skin irritation from nettle's stinging hairs.
Fertilizer Preparation
1. Collecting Leaves: The nettle should be collected carefully, selecting young, green parts of the plant. Leaves and stems are the main parts used for fertilizer preparation.
2. Fermentation: The collected nettle parts are placed in a bucket and covered with water to completely submerge them. The mixture is left for several weeks to allow the fermentation process to begin. Regular stirring of the mixture is crucial for the even transformation of nettle into an effective fertilizer.
3. Straining: After several weeks, the mixture should be strained through a sieve or dense cloth to separate the liquid part of the fertilizer from the plant residues.
4. Dilution: The obtained liquid fertilizer should be diluted with water before use. Typically, a ratio of about 1 part fertilizer to 10 parts water is used, but it can be adjusted to individual plant needs.
Application of Nettle Fertilizer
Nettle fertilizer can be applied in several ways:
Watering: Diluted fertilizer can be used for watering potted plants and garden plants, providing them with essential nutrients.
Foliar Feeding: Nettle fertilizer can be sprayed on plant leaves, allowing for quick absorption of nutrients through their leaves.
-Compost Addition: Fermented nettle liquid can be added to compost, enriching its nutrient content and speeding up the decomposition process.
When to Harvest Nettle?
The best time to harvest nettle is early spring when it contains the highest amount of nutrients but has not yet begun the flowering process.
How Long to Wait Before Using It?
After straining and diluting, nettle fertilizer can be used immediately. The longer the fermentation time, the stronger the fertilizer will be, but there is no need for a long wait before use.
In What Proportions Should It Be Prepared?
The dilution ratios of the fertilizer depend on the desired strength and the needs of the plants. Typically, a 1:10 ratio is used, but it can be adjusted according to preferences and plant requirements.
What Are the Uses of Nettle Fertilizer?
Nettle fertilizer can be used as:
- An effective organic fertilizer, providing plants with essential nutrients.
- A natural antifungal agent, that supports plants in combating fungal diseases.
- A repellent for some pests, helping to maintain plant health without the need for chemical pesticides.
Application in Bonsai Art
Nettle can be used in bonsai cultivation as a natural fertilizer, providing plants with essential nutrients. Its antifungal and insect-repelling properties can help maintain the health of bonsai plants without the use of chemicals.
However, it is worth noting that nettle fertilizer does not always have a pleasant smell, but its effects are invaluable for the health and beauty of plants.
Additional Information About Nettle
History of Use
Nettle has been used for centuries by various cultures due to its numerous medicinal and nutritional properties. Ancient Egyptians and Greeks appreciated its value as a medicinal plant, using it to treat various health conditions and as a source of food. In the Middle Ages, nettle was widely used in folk medicine as a febrifuge, diuretic, and anti-inflammatory agent.
Chemical Composition
Nettle contains a range of biologically active chemical compounds that contribute to its beneficial health properties. Among the most important components are flavonoids, carotenoids, sterols, phenolic acids, amino acids, vitamins (including vitamin C, B vitamins, vitamin K), and antioxidant compounds.
Medical Use
Nettle has long been valued for its medicinal properties. In folk medicine, it is used as a diuretic, anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic, anti-rheumatic, antibacterial, and antiviral agent. It can also be used in the treatment of urinary tract disorders, rheumatism, arthritis, psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, allergies, and respiratory tract infections.
Culinary Use
Nettle can also be used in cuisine as a vegetable or in addition to various dishes. Young nettle leaves can be added to salads, soups, omelettes, dumpling fillings, or sandwich fillings. They have a delicate, slightly nutty flavour and are rich in vitamins and minerals, making them a valuable addition to the daily diet.
Cosmetic Use
Nettle extracts are also widely used in cosmetics due to their beneficial effects on the skin and hair. They can be an ingredient in shampoos, conditioners, masks, or toners, which strengthen hair, regulate sebum secretion, soothe skin irritations, and accelerate the healing of wounds and irritations.
Summary
Nettle, besides its uses in medicine and cuisine, also serves as a valuable resource for preparing organic fertilizer. Its richness in nutrients makes it an excellent source of natural substances necessary for healthy plant growth. Thanks to its properties, nettle can also be used in bonsai art, supporting the health and beauty of these delicate plants. Therefore, it is worth appreciating this natural treasure and using it in the daily care of gardens and potted plants.
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